1 Flow diagram describing the attrition of study participants from birth until 17/18 years of age including the number of adolescent–biological mother pairs and their siblings with fracture and bone mass data Anthropometric and bone mass measurements The baseline descriptive data of the adolescent–biological mother pairs of the different ethnic Selleckchem PLX4032 groups are shown in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 Anthropometric and bone mass measurements of 17/18-year-old adolescents Anthropometric and bone mass measurements Whites Blacks Mixed ancestry p Values Males Females Daporinad Males Females Males Females Males Females n Mean (SD) n Mean (SD) n Mean (SD) n Mean (SD) n Mean (SD) n Mean (SD) Age (years) 41 17.8 50 17.8 577 17.9 593 17.9 61 18.2 67 18.2 MA > B* MA > B* (0.3) (0.2) (0.4) (0.4) (0.5) (0.5) MA > W* MA > W* Weight (kg) 41 72.3 50 61.7 577 59.1 590 59.2 61 59.4 67 53.8 W > B* W > MA** (12.4) (12.9) (8.9) (11.9) (12.6) (11.7) W > MA* B > MA** Height (m) 41 1.78 50 1.66 577 1.71 590 1.60 61 1.71 67 1.60 W > B* W > B* (0.09) (0.07) (0.07) (0.06) (0.07) (0.06) W > MA* W > MA* BMI (kg/m2) 41 22.6 50 22.4 577 20.1 590 23.2 61 20.3 67 21.1 W > B* B > MA* (3.1) (4.1) (2.6) (4.5) (3.8) (4.2) W > MA*** TB BA (cm2) 41 2,336.2 50 2,010.7 577 2,086 593 1,883 61 2,045 67 1,781 W > B* W > B* (225.3) (176.8) (180.2) (165.1) (205.3) (157.6) W > MA* W > MA* B > MA* Adjusted TB BA (cm2)a 41 2,087.8 50 2,026.8 577 2,051.4 590 2,008.2 61 2,013.4 67 1,956.9 W > B*** W > MA* (13.6) (11.9) (3.8) (4.4) (10.8) (10.6) W > MA* B > MA* B > MA*** TB BMC (g) 41 2,694.8 50 2,144.5 577 2,308.9 593 2,034.2 61 2,310.0

67 1,894.5 W > B* W > MA* (446.5) (282.8) (344.2) (282.9) (388.1) Parvulin (268.2) W > MA* B > MA** Adjusted TB BMC (g)‡ 41 2,354.2 50 2,158.6 577 2,277.5 590 2,185.3 61 2,280.9 67 2,130.9 NS NS (37.2) (32.4) (10.4) (12.0) (29.5) (28.9) LS BA (cm2) 41 68.9 50 57.8 575 62.7 593 54.5 61 61.8 67 53.2 W > B* W > B** (6.2) (5.4) (6.0) (5.9) (5.6) (5.8) W > MA* W > MA* Adjusted LS BA (cm2)a 41 62.8 50 58.8 575 60.7 590 58.8 61 60.0 67 57.8 W > B** NS (0.8) (0.7) (0.2) (0.2) (0.6) (0.6) W > MA** LS BMC (g) 41 71.8 50 56.1 575 58.3 593 53.1 61 59.0 67 50.1 W > B* W > MA*** (12.6) (10.0) (10.8) (9.6) (10.9) (8.5) W > MA* Adjusted LS BMC (g)a 41 62.8 50 56.8 575 56.7 590 58.0 61 57.6 67 56.5 W > B* NS (1.4) (1.2) (0.4) (0.5) (1.1) (1.