746 mu g/g of ergot alkaloids) tall fescue pasture (n = 10; BW = 267 +/- 14.5 kg; 5.7 Z-DEVD-FMK research buy ha) from June 14 through at least September 11 (= 89 d). No difference was observed for BW (P < 0.10) for the overall 85-d growth period. Also, no differences were observed for ribeye area/100 kg of HCW (P > 0.91), backfat (P > 0.95), or backfat/100 kg of HCW (P > 0.67). However, ADG (P < 0.01), final BW (P < 0.05), HCW (P < 0.01), dressing percentage (P < 0.01), ribeye area ( P < 0.01), whole liver wet weight (P < 0.01), and whole liver wet weight/100 kg of end BW (P < 0.01) were greater for LE steers than HE steers. After 85 d of grazing, serum concentrations of alkaline phosphatase
( P < 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (P < 0.01), aspartate aminotransferase ( P < 0.03), cholesterol (P < 0.01), lactate dehydrogenase ( P < 0.01), and prolactin ( P < 0.01) were less for HE than LE steers. At slaughter, hepatic content of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase ( P < 0.01) was greater in HE steers than LE steers. Hepatic content of aspartate aminotransferase ( P < 0.01) also was greater, whereas renal and LM content were not (P = 0.42). No differences (P = 0.15) were observed for hepatic, renal, and LM content of alanine aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, and 3 glutamate transport proteins. These data indicate Selleckchem Ricolinostat that the HE
steers displayed HM781-36B molecular weight classic endophyte toxicity symptoms for growth and blood variables, classic symptoms that were concomitant with novelly identified altered glucogenic capacity of the liver and decreases in carcass characteristics.”
“A two-laser technique is used to investigate heat spreading
along individual single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles in vacuum and air environments. A 532 nm laser focused on the center of a suspended SWCNT bundle is used as a local heat source, and a 633 nm laser is used to measure the spatial temperature profile along the SWCNT bundle by monitoring the G band downshifts in the Raman spectra. A constant temperature gradient is observed when the SWCNT bundle is irradiated in vacuum, giving direct evidence of diffusive transport of the phonons probed by the Raman laser. In air, however, we observe an exponentially decaying temperature profile with a decay length of about 7 mu m, due to heat dissipation from the SWCNT bundle to the surrounding gas molecules. The thermal conductivity of the suspended carbon nanotube (CNT) is determined from its electrical heating temperature profile as measured in vacuum and the nanotube bundle diameter measured via transmission electron microscopy. Based on the exponential decay curves measured in three different CNTs in air, the heat transfer coefficient between the SWCNTs and the surrounding air molecules is found to range from 1.5 x 10(3) to 7.