Of the 1,122 cases tested, 389 (34.7%) were positive for the influenza A virus. The median age of the influenza-positive patients was 14, and 58.9% of the patients were male. The symptoms fever, cough, rhinorrhea, and headache were statistically dominant. A history of recent contact with persons suffering
from influenza or influenza-like illness at home, school, or in the workplace was significantly more common in the positive group than in the negative group. Pneumonia was observed in 2 (0.5%) of the positive patients, but the symptoms were only MK-2206 inhibitor severe enough to require hospitalization in 1 of the 2. No deaths were observed among the 389 RIDT-positive patients. Although the spread of influenza A virus was both rapid and extensive, mainly among children under the age of 18, it seemed to
be mild. Appropriate interpretation of the RIDT on the basis of recent clinical information, and early treatment with antiviral drugs might help to prevent severe illness from influenza pandemics in the future.”
“Two-step hydrolysis of husk obtained from rice (Otyza sativa) was investigated as one of the monocotyledonous angiosperms under the semi-flow hot-compressed water treatment at 230 degrees C/10 MPa/15 min (1st stage) and 270 degrees C/10 MPa/30 min (2nd stage). Prior to the hot-compressed water treatment, cold-water extraction at 20 degrees C/10 MPa/30 min was performed. GSK2879552 It was found that some inorganic constituents and free neutral sugars not being chemically bonded with the plant cell wall were recovered in the cold-water extracts. In the 1st stage, hemicelluloses and pectin were selectively hydrolyzed,
as well as lignin being partially decomposed. In addition, protein was found to some extent to be hydrolyzed by the hot-compressed water treatment and various amino acids to form the protein of rice husk were identified. Hydrolysis of cellulose was, however, observed in the 2nd stage. Some additional selleckchem decomposition of lignin and protein was revealed at this stage as well. In total, 96.1% of oven-dried extractives-free rice husk sample could be solubilized into cold and hot-compressed water. Various products in the water-soluble portion were primarily recovered as saccharides, which were partially isomerized and then dehydrated and fragmented. The 3.9% of residue after the treatment was composed mainly of lignin and a trace of silica. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: To describe a technique for the intraoperative monitoring of residual hearing during a cochlear implant (CI) procedure and, thus, to identify the time of occurrence and surgical steps leading to hearing loss.
Study Design: Prospective audiologic analysis in a patient series.
Setting: Tertiary referral center.
Subjects: Patients with residual hearing subjected to cochlear implantation.