“
“Prionoses are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by misfolding of cellular prion protein (PrPC) and accumulation of its diseases specific conformer PrPSc in the brain and neuropathologically, they can be associated with presence or absence of PrP amyloid deposits. Functional molecular chaperones (MCs) that constitute the unfolded protein response include heat shock proteins and glucose-regulated

protein families. They protect intracellular milieu against various stress conditions including accumulation of misfolded proteins and oxidative stress, typical of neurodegenerative diseases. Little PRI-724 cell line is known about the role of MCs in pathogenesis of prionoses in mammalian prion model systems. In this study we characterized MCs response pattern in mice infected with various mouse adapted scrapie strains. Rather than uniform upregulation of MCs, we encountered two distinctly different patterns of MCs response distinguishing ME7 and 87V strains from 22L

and 139A strains. ME7 and 87V strains are known for the induction of amyloid deposition in infected animals, while in mice infected with 22L and 139A strains amyloid deposits Batimastat chemical structure are absent. MCs response pattern similar to that associated with amyloidogenic ME7 and 87V strains was also observed in APPPS1-21 Alzheimer’s transgenic mice, which represent an aggressive model of cerebral amyloidosis caused by beta-amyloid deposition. I-BET151 Our results highlight the probability that different mechanisms of MCs regulation exist driven by amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic nature

of prion strains. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The present study investigated patterns of self-reported driving habits among healthy older adults over 5 years, as well as characteristics that distinguished subgroups with different patterns.

Participants were drivers from the control group of the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study at the baseline assessment (N = 597). The outcome was a composite of driving frequency, driving space, and perceived driving difficulty. Growth mixture models identified classes of participants with different baseline scores and change trajectories, and classes were compared in terms of baseline sensory, physical, and cognitive functioning.

A 3-class model was indicated, consisting of 2 classes with intercept differences and stability over time, “”above-average stable”" (39%) and “”average stable”" drivers (44%), and 1 class with a lower intercept and negative slope, “”decreasers”" (17%).