With this approach a total of 84 putative ORFs were identified. In a second approach we used the NCBI ORF Finder program coupled with the program blastp and

compared the translated proteins with the proteins of the PB1-like phages [26, 32]. Combination of the results of both approaches revealed a total of 94 predicted ORFs as well as one unique ORF in phage JG024. No RNA polymerase was detected suggesting that this phage uses the host transcriptional Vorinostat ic50 machinery, as it was also suggested for the PB1-like family of phages. We detected a putative structural gene cluster which contains genes encoding for putative head structure proteins (ORF 18 and 19) as well as for tail and baseplate proteins (ORF 22-47). Moreover, ORF 40 was designated as a lytic tail protein. It

was shown for the phages 14-1 and LBL3 that this protein has a transglycosylase domain with a N-acetyl-D-glucosamine binding site, which shows a specific degradation of peptidoglycan [15]. ORF 48 encodes a putative endolysin with a high CRT0066101 price similarity to the endolysin of phage LMA2 (98.6%) and belongs to a lysozyme-like superfamily. A Selleck Z-DEVD-FMK putative holin may be encoded by ORF 52, which shares a 100% identity to ORF 50 of phage F8 and to ORF 51 of phage 14-1. It was suggested that these ORFs encode probable holins since they are located near the endolysin gene and they encode a small protein (201 aa) containing three transmembrane domains [15]. Additionally, a complete DNA replication machinery was detected suggesting that the DNA replication is host independent as described for the PB1-like phages. The respective gene cluster contains a DNA ligase (ORF 50), a helicase (ORF 55 and 56), a DNA polymerase III (ORF 57 and 58), as well as a thymidylate synthase (ORF 61). A putative primase was also found but is not included in this gene cluster (ORF 77), as shown for the other PB1-like phages [15]. Also, differences between the PB1-like phages

and JG024 were found. Phage 14-1 (ORF 71) and phage LBL3 (ORF 68) encode a hypothetical protein with a size of 434 aa. Interestingly, this protein is encoded by two ORFs in phage JG024 designated ORF 72 (362 aa) and 73 (60 aa). The two ORFs are separated by only 116 bp. Moreover, ORF 79 is a small predicted Oxymatrine gene with a size of 132 bp and encodes for a unique protein in phage JG024. This ORF was identified by two programs, GeneMark and ORF Finder, independently. No functional indication could be pointed out since there are no similarities to other proteins in the databases and no conserved domains have been detected in ORF 79. We also searched the genome of phage JG024 for promoters, terminators and regulatory elements, see Methods. The PB1 phages do not contain a phage RNA-polymerase and depend on the transcriptional machinery of the host bacterium. Putative sigma 70-promoter regions have been predicted in PB1 phages [15].