Different 99mTc-labeled colloids this website have been used for peritoneal MK-8931 cost scintigraphy in the past years, such as sulfur colloid, macroaggregated albumin, and diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), each with some important limitations. On the basis of the characteristics of icodextrin, an osmotic colloid agent routinely used in PD, such as its persistence in the peritoneal space, 99mTc-icodextrin scintigraphy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of peritoneopleural leakage (Fig. 1a, b). Therefore, 99mTc-icodextrin scintigraphy may represent a new, simple, noninvasive, cost-effective, well-tolerated, and safe

radionuclide imaging method to clearly detect some causes of peritoneal dialysis failure. Fig. 1 99mTc-Icodextrin dynamic peritoneal scintigraphy. a Spot view of thoracic area in supine position. Note the area of thoracic leakage (arrow). b Spot view of thoracic area in standing position. Note

the apparent up-dislocation and the reduction of the area of leakage (arrow), secondary to the down movement of dialysate in the peritoneum, due to gravity forces Conflict of interest The authors have declared that no conflict of interest exists.”
“Erratum to: Clin Exp Nephrol DOI 10.1007/s10157-013-0803-y The original version of this article unfortunately contained errors. In Table 1, in the first column, for the line “(P)RR”, the unit should be “ng/ml”. In Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8, on the vertical axes, the unit for “soluble (P)RR” should be “ng/ml”. In Fig. 6, on the vertical axis, the unit for “prorenin”

Akt inhibitor should be “ng/ml”.”
“Introduction Tolvaptan binds selectively to the V2 receptor (1 of the 3 vasopressin receptors: V1a, V1b, and V2), disturbs the movement of aquaporin 2 into the luminal side of cortical collecting duct cells through activation of cAMP, and inhibits reabsorption of water. It thus uses a new mechanism of action for producing water diuresis [1, 2]. The effect of tolvaptan is expected to be unlike that of conventional diuretics [3], and its short-term effects for treating heart failure have been investigated in the ACTIVE in CHF [4] and EVEREST those [5, 6] studies. However, careful administration has been suggested, because volume depletion by diuresis leads to a decrease in renal blood flow in patients with serious renal dysfunction; thus, renal function may worsen [7]. However, one study has suggested that the renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not reduced by tolvaptan [8]. In addition, the protective function of the kidney is expected to initiate a diuretic effect without activating the renin–angiotensin system [9, 10]. There are many unanswered questions about the effect of tolvaptan on renal function, and there are few reports of its use for patients with severe renal dysfunction [11]. In this report, we examined the effect of tolvaptan in patients with severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) complicated by congestive heart failure who were resistant to existing diuretics.